14 Review problems

This section draws the course together. Figure 4 summarises, for each design, what it estimates and how the estimate is adjusted for confounding; the problems that follow each combine several sections.

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Figure 4: What each design estimates and how it is adjusted. In every row the first steps are the same: stratum-specific estimates, a judgement of homogeneity, then a pooled estimate or a model.
14.1 Problems

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