12 Nested and split-plot designs

The designs so far have crossed every factor with every other: each level of one appears with each level of the others. Two common structures break this pattern. In a nested design the levels of one factor are different for each level of another, so the two cannot be crossed. In a split-plot design the factors are crossed, but the randomisation is restricted, so that different factors have different experimental units and different errors. Both are analysed with the random-effects tools of Section 11.

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