1 Introduction

Regression Analysis is a statistical tool for investigating the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables.

Regression analysis is widely used for prediction and forecasting.

Example 1.0.1. You are a marketing analyst for Disney Toys. You gather the following data:

Ad ($) 1 2 3 4 5
Sales (units) 1 1 2 2 4

We let

  • advertising \(X\) be the regressor variable (independent);
  • sales \(Y\) be the response variable (dependent).

What is the relationship between sales and advertising?

Note. We can control the advertising \(X\); the sales \(Y\) we can only observe.

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