1.2 Notation

\(X_1, X_2, \cdots , X_n\) Unordered variates
\(x_1, x_2, \cdots , x_n\) un ordered observations
\(X_{(1)} \leq X_{(2)} \leq \cdots \leq X_{(n)}\) ordered variates.
\(x_{(1)}\leq x_{(2)}\leq \cdots \leq x_{(n)}\) ordered observations
\(P(X\leq x)\) cumulative distribution function
\(P_n(x) \) \(\dfrac {\# \,\,\text {of}\,\, x_i's\, \text {less than or equal to}\, \, x}{n}\)
empirical commulative distribution function
\(\Im _P\) population quantile of order \(P\), given by \(P(\Im _p) = P\)
\(X([np]+1) \) Sample quantile of order \(p\) where \([np]\) denotes
the largest integer less than or equal to \(np\).
\(B(a,b) = \displaystyle {\int ^1_0 t^{a - 1}\, (1 - t)^{b - 1}\, dt}\) Beta function
\(B(a,b) = \dfrac {\Gamma (a)\, \Gamma (b)}{\Gamma (a + b)}\)
\(\displaystyle {B_p(a,b) = \int ^p_{0}t^{a - 1}\, (1 - t)^{b - 1}\, dt}\) incomplete Beta integral \(p\in (0,1)\)
\(\Gamma (a) = \displaystyle {\int ^{\infty }_0t^{a - 1}\, e^{-t}\, dt}\) gamma function
\(\Gamma _{k}(a) = \displaystyle {\int _0^{k}t^{a - 1}\, e^{-t}\, dt}\) incomplete gamma integral
\(\Gamma (a) = (a - 1)!\) If \(a\) is a positive integer

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